Low-power device recovery using a backup firmware image

ABSTRACT

Some examples described herein may involve receiving, via a wireless transmission, a firmware code update that is to be installed in a main memory of the electronic device, determining that the firmware code update is not successfully received; determining, based on determining that the firmware code update is not successfully received, that a secondary memory, of the electronic device, includes a firmware image; and installing the backup firmware image, from the secondary memory, in the main memory to provide the set of functionalities to the electronic device.

BACKGROUND

Low-power electronic devices may be used in a variety of applications.The low-power electronic devices may be included on a single chip and bepowered by a battery. In some instances, a low-powered electronic devicemay be configured to provide information to a master device. In oneexample, a low-power electronic device, such as a sensor device,includes one or more sensor elements configured to sense or measure oneor more characteristics of an environment of the low-power electronicdevice. For example, such a sensor device may include one or morepressure sensor elements, temperature sensor elements, magnetic fieldsensor elements, a temperature sensor device, a magnetic field sensordevice, an accelerometer, and/or the like.

SUMMARY

According to some implementations, an electronic device, implementedwithin a single chip may include a main memory; a secondary memory; oneor more processors, communicatively coupled to the main memory andsecondary memory, configured to: receive, via a wireless transmission, afirmware code update that is to be installed in the main memory,determine that the firmware code update is not successfully received,determine, based on determining that the firmware code update is notsuccessfully received, that the secondary memory includes a backupfirmware image, wherein the backup firmware image includes a set offunctionalities for the electronic device, and install the backupfirmware image, from the secondary memory, in the main memory to providefunctionality to the electronic device; and a battery to supply power tothe main memory, the secondary memory, and the one or more processors.

According to some implementations, a tire pressure monitoring system mayinclude a sensor device, implemented within a single chip, to measure atire pressure status of a tire, wherein the sensor device includes areprogrammable memory and a non-programmable memory, and wherein thesensor device is configured to: receive a firmware code update that isto be installed in the reprogrammable memory, determine that thefirmware code update is not successfully received, determine, based ondetermining that the firmware code update is not successfully received,that the non-programmable memory includes a firmware image, wherein thebackup firmware image includes a set of functionalities for the sensordevice, and install the backup firmware image, from the non-programmablememory, in the reprogrammable memory to provide functionality to thesensor device.

According to some implementations, a method performed by an electronicdevice may include receiving, via a wireless transmission, a firmwarecode update that is to be installed in a main memory of the electronicdevice, determining that the firmware code update is not successfullyreceived, wherein, when the firmware code update is not successfullyreceived, one or more functions of the electronic device are renderedinoperable; determining, based on determining that the firmware codeupdate is not successfully received, that a secondary memory, of theelectronic device, includes a firmware image, wherein the backupfirmware image includes a set of functionalities for the electronicdevice; and installing the backup firmware image, from the secondarymemory, in the main memory to provide the set of functionalities to theelectronic device.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIGS. 1A-1C are diagrams of an overview of an example implementationdescribed herein;

FIG. 2 is a diagram of an example environment in which systems and/ormethods, described herein, may be implemented;

FIG. 3 is a diagram of example components of an electronic device ofFIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a flow chart of an example process associated with a low-powerdevice recovery using a backup firmware image; and

FIG. 5 is a diagram of an example system that may include one or moredevices associated with the process shown in FIG. 4.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The following detailed description of example implementations refers tothe accompanying drawings. The same reference numbers in differentdrawings may identify the same or similar elements.

In some instances, an electronic device, such as a low-power electronicdevice, is to be updated with new firmware (e.g., with update firmwarecode). The low-power device may receive the new firmware via a wirelesscommunication (e.g., because the low-power device may not have wiredconnection capabilities). In such cases, the electronic device mayinclude one or more memories for receiving and/or updating the firmwareof the electronic device. However, if a failure occurs during an updateto the firmware, the electronic device may be rendered inoperable. Forexample, a failure during an update to the firmware may leave theelectronic device with partially updated firmware in a memory of theelectronic device, with incorrect firmware in the memory of theelectronic device, and/or the like that prevents the electronic devicefrom being able to communicate with other devices and/or performfunctions of the electronic device. When a sensor device is inoperable,the sensor device may be unable to sense one or more characteristics ofan environment and/or transmit the one or more characteristics toanother device (e.g., a master device). In some instances, when afirmware update fails (e.g., a firmware code update is not successfullyinstalled), the electronic device may request a retransmission of thefirmware update. However, if the retransmission of the firmware updatefails and/or repetitive failures continue to occur, the frequentretransmissions may quickly drain a battery of the electronic device asprocessing transmissions may consume more power than other functions ofthe electronic device. Therefore, for a low-power device withnon-rechargeable batteries, the lifespan of the low-power device can beshortened due to the retransmissions, as the battery power is depleted.

Some implementations described herein provide an electronic device(e.g., a low-power electronic device) recovery from failures (e.g.,failures associate with receiving a firmware code update) using anoperable backup firmware image stored in a secondary memory of theelectronic device. In some implementations, the backup firmware imagemay restore basic functionality to the electronic device, such that theelectronic device can indicate the presence of the electronic device toanother device (e.g., the master device). The secondary memory may benon-programmable, such that the backup firmware image cannot be adjustedand/or lost due to a failure of the electronic device. As such, afailure, in association with a firmware update, can be addressed byrestoring basic functionality to the electronic device such that theelectronic device may indicate the failure to a master device withoutcompletely draining power from a battery of the electronic device.Accordingly, some implementations described herein may conserve powerresources of an electronic device, thus increasing the lifespan of theelectronic device, as low-power electronic devices may have a lifespandependent on the life of the battery of the electronic device.Accordingly, increasing the lifespan of the electronic device mayfurther conserve costs and/or hardware resources that may otherwise beused to replace the electronic devices when the electronic device runsout of power and/or fail.

FIGS. 1A-1C are diagrams of an overview of an example implementation 100described herein. Example implementation 100 includes a master deviceand an electronic device. The example master device may be a controldevice and/or monitoring device of a sensor system, and the electronicdevice may be a sensor device of the sensor system. In exampleimplementation 100, a failure associated with receiving a firmware codeupdate from a master device renders an electronic device inoperable, butfunctionality is restored to the electronic device using a backupfirmware image in a secondary memory, according to some implementationsdescribed herein.

As shown in FIG. 1A, and by reference number 110, the master deviceprovides a firmware code update to the electronic device. For example,the master device may send the firmware code update to the electronicdevice, packet by packet, via a wireless transmission. As shown, thefirmware code update may include packet X, packet Y, and packet Z. Asshown by reference number 120, the electronic device begins installingthe firmware code update by installing packet X and packet Y in a mainmemory of the electronic device.

As shown in FIG. 1B, and by reference number 130, the electronic devicedetects an error (e.g., a failure) associated with the firmware codeupdate that renders the electronic device inoperable. For example, theelectronic device may detect a failure associated with the wirelesstransmission, a failure associated with the firmware code update, and/ora failure associated with the main memory. The electronic device may berendered inoperable due to only a portion (e.g., only packet X andpacket Y) being successfully installed in the main memory. As shown byreference number 140, due to having a low battery, the electronic devicemay not attempt to receive another transmission of the firmware codeupdate from the master device. Accordingly, the electronic device mayavoid wasting power on potential unsuccessful attempts at receiving thefirmware code update. Rather, as shown by reference number 150, theelectronic device installs a backup firmware image, from a secondarymemory, into the main memory to restore functionality.

As shown in FIG. 1C, and by reference number 150, the electronic devicemay indicate to the master device that the electronic device is inrecovery mode. For example, the electronic device may simply broadcast asignal (e.g., a beacon or ping) that indicates the presence of theelectronic device and that the electronic device has limitedfunctionality (e.g., functionality limited to communicating or receivinginformation from the master device). As such, the master device may beable to rediscover the electronic device and/or retransmit the firmwarecode update to the electronic device.

Accordingly, when the electronic device reaches a particular batterylevel, rather than continuing to spend power resources on attempting toreceive wireless transmissions of the firmware code update that mayultimately continue to fail, the electronic device may conserveremaining battery power by installing the backup firmware image torestore functionality to the electronic device. As such, the electronicdevice may recover from the failure and place the electronic device inan operable state. In some instances, the electronic device may then beable to receive the firmware code update to resume normal operationwithout fully depleting the battery of the electronic device, whichwould permanently render the device inoperable (as the battery may notbe rechargeable). Accordingly, the electronic device may furtherconserve costs, hardware resources, and/or processing resources that mayotherwise be involved with replacing the electronic device.

As indicated above, FIGS. 1A-1C are provided merely as an example. Otherexamples are possible and may differ from what was described with regardto FIGS. 1A-1C

FIG. 2 is a diagram of an example environment 200 in which systemsand/or methods, described herein, may be implemented. As shown in FIG.2, environment 200 may include a master device 210 and an electronicdevice 220 (e.g., similar to the master device and electronic device ofexample implementation 100). Devices of environment 200 may interconnectvia wireless connections.

Master device 210 includes one or more devices capable of receiving,generating, storing, processing, and/or providing information associatedwith information generated by or for electronic device 220. For example,master device 210 may include a communication and/or computing device,such as a control console (e.g., of a vehicle), a diagnostic device, amobile phone (e.g., a smart phone, a radiotelephone, etc.), a laptopcomputer, a tablet computer, a handheld computer, or a similar type ofdevice. Master device 210 may be configured to monitor and/or controlelectronic device 220. According to some implementations, master device210 may be capable of providing firmware code update to electronicdevice 220 when electronic device 220 is to be updated. As such, masterdevice 210 may be used to control and/or update electronic device 220.

Electronic device 220 includes one or more devices capable of receiving,generating, storing, processing, and/or providing information associatedwith an operation of master device 210. Electronic device 220 islow-power device or very low power device, such that electronic device220 may be implemented within and/or by a single chip. Electronic device220 may be associated with and/or include a battery for poweringelectronic device 220. In some implementations, the battery may not berechargeable. In some implementations, electronic device 220 may be asensor device (e.g., a sensor device of a tire pressure monitoringsystem, a sensor device of a temperature control system, a sensor deviceof a magnetic field sensing system, and/or the like).

The number and arrangement of devices and networks shown in FIG. 2 areprovided as an example. In practice, there may be additional fewerdevices and/or networks, different devices, or differently arrangeddevices than those shown in FIG. 2. Furthermore, two or more devicesshown in FIG. 2 may be implemented within a single device, or a singledevice shown in FIG. 2 may be implemented as multiple, distributeddevices. Additionally, or alternatively, a set of devices (e.g., one ormore devices) of environment 200 may perform one or more functionsdescribed as being performed by another set of devices of environment200.

FIG. 3 is a diagram of example components of a device 300. Device 300may be a device corresponding to electronic device 220. In someimplementations, electronic device 220 may include one or more devices300 and/or one or more components of device 300. As shown in FIG. 3,device 300 may include one or more sensor elements 310 (which may bereferred to, herein, collectively as “sensor elements 310,” orindividually as “sensor element 310”), a processor 320, a working memory330, a main memory 340, a secondary memory 350, a communicationinterface 360, and a battery 370.

Sensor element 310 may include an element for sensing one or morecharacteristics of an environment of device 300. For example, sensorelement may include one or more components configured to sense apressure, a temperature, a magnetic field, light, sound, and/or thelike. More specifically, sensor element 310 may include a Hall-basedsensor element that operates based on a Hall-effect. As another example,sensor element 310 may include a MR-based sensing element, elements ofwhich are comprised of a magnetoresistive material (e.g., nickel-iron(NiFe)), where the electrical resistance of the magnetoresistivematerial may depend on a strength and/or a direction of a magnetic fieldpresent at the magnetoresistive material. In such cases, sensor element310 may operate based on an anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR) effect,a giant magnetoresistance (GMR) effect, a tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR)effect, and/or the like. As an additional example, sensor element 310may include a variable reluctance (VR) based sensor element thatoperates based on induction.

Processor 320 is a central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor, amicrocontroller, a digital signal processor (DSP), a field-programmablegate array (FPGA), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), oranother type of processing component. In some implementations, processor320 includes one or more processors capable of being programmed toperform a function of device 300.

Working memory 330 may include a volatile memory (e.g., a random accessmemory (RAM)) and/or another type of dynamic that stores informationand/or instructions for use by processor 320. For example, workingmemory 330 may be used to receive and/or perform a firmware code updateand/or install a firmware image backup, according to someimplementations described herein. In some instances, working memory 330may have a much smaller capacity than main memory 340 (e.g., less than10% of the capacity)

Main memory 340 may include a reprogrammable memory, such as a randomaccess memory (RAM), and/or another type of dynamic memory (e.g., aflash memory, a magnetic memory, and/or an optical memory) that storesinformation and/or instructions for use by processor 320. According tosome implementations, main memory may store a firmware code used tocontrol device 300. As such, when an update to the firmware code is tooccur, old firmware code in main memory 340 may be replaced with a newfirmware code. In some implementations, a backup firmware image may beinstalled in main memory 340 to enable device 300 to recover from aninoperable state.

Secondary memory 350 may include a non-programmable memory (e.g., a readonly memory (ROM)) or other type of memory (e.g., a flash memory, amagnetic memory, and/or an optical memory). According to someimplementations, secondary memory 350 may store a backup firmware image,associated with device 300, that can be installed in main memory toenable device 300 to recover from a failure. According to someimplementations, the backup firmware image can be installed during aconfiguration of device 300, during a manufacturing of device 300,during or after a firmware update to device 300, and/or the like. Insome implementations, secondary memory 350 may be configured to storeonly the backup firmware image or only data associated with the backupfirmware image.

A backup firmware image may include one or more executable codes orprograms that enables or restores one or more functions to electronicdevice 220. For example, the functions may include basic functions, suchas an ability for processor 320 to execute code of the backup firmwareimage, ability for processor 320 and/or communication interface 360 tobroadcast or transmit a wireless signal indicating a presence ofelectronic device 220 (e.g., via a beacon or ping) to enable masterdevice 210 to find or detect electronic device 220. Therefore, backupfirmware image may include a program, that when executed by processor320, is capable of communicating with another device (e.g., masterdevice 210 or any other device) associated with electronic device 220.Accordingly, after being rendered inoperable, the backup target imagemay be installed to restore operability to electronic device 220.

According to some implementations, main memory 340 and secondary memory350 may be implemented by different types of memory. For example, mainmemory 340 may be a reprogrammable memory and secondary memory 350 maybe a non-programmable memory. In some implementations, secondary memory350 may be implemented by a more robust memory technology (e.g., a ROM)than main memory 340 to ensure that secondary memory 350 is less likelyto encounter failure than main memory 340. Accordingly, secondary memory350 may be a reprogrammable memory and the secondary memory may be anon-programmable memory implemented by a different type of memory

Communication interface 360 includes a transceiver-like component (e.g.,a transceiver and/or a separate receiver and transmitter) that enablesdevice 300 to communicate with other devices via a wireless connection.Communication interface 360 may permit device 300 to receive informationfrom another device and/or provide information to another device. Forexample, communication interface 360 may include an optical interface, acoaxial interface, an infrared interface, a radio frequency (RF)interface, a Wi-Fi interface, a cellular network interface, or the like.

Battery 370 may include any type of battery suitable to provide power todevice 300. For example, battery 370 may include one or more of a bobbintype battery, a spiral type battery, and/or the like. In someimplementations, battery 370 may be configured to be permanentlyinstalled within device 300. For example, battery 370 may be solderedand/or included within a chip or package of device 300. In someimplementations, battery 370 is not rechargeable. Accordingly, a maximumlife span of device 300 may correspond to a length of time to depletethe power within battery 370. In some implementations, device 300 may beconsidered a low-power device and/or a very-low power device in that amajority of the consumption of the battery power, over the life ofdevice 300, is spent on sending and/or receiving wireless transmissions.

Device 300 may perform one or more processes described herein. Device300 may perform these processes based on processor 320 executingsoftware instructions stored by a non-transitory computer-readablemedium, such as working memory 330, main memory 340, and/or secondarymemory 350. A computer-readable medium is defined herein as anon-transitory memory device. A memory device includes memory spacewithin a single physical storage device or memory space spread acrossmultiple physical storage devices.

Software instructions may be read into working memory 330, main memory340, and/or secondary memory 350 from another computer-readable mediumor from another device (e.g., master device 210) via communicationinterface 360. When executed, software instructions stored in workingmemory 330, main memory 340, and/or secondary memory 350 may causeprocessor 320 to perform one or more processes described herein.Additionally, or alternatively, hardwired circuitry may be used in placeof or in combination with software instructions to perform one or moreprocesses described herein. Thus, implementations described herein arenot limited to any specific combination of hardware circuitry andsoftware.

The number and arrangement of components shown in FIG. 3 are provided asan example. In practice, device 300 may include additional components,fewer components, different components, or differently arrangedcomponents than those shown in FIG. 3. Additionally, or alternatively, aset of components (e.g., one or more components) of device 300 mayperform one or more functions described as being performed by anotherset of components of device 300.

FIG. 4 is a flow chart of an example process 400 associated with alow-power device recovery using a backup firmware image. In someimplementations, one or more process blocks of FIG. 4 may be performedby electronic device 220. In some implementations, one or more processblocks of FIG. 4 may be performed by another device or a group ofdevices separate from or including electronic device 220, such as masterdevice 210.

As shown in FIG. 4, process 400 may include receiving, via a wirelesstransmission, a firmware code update that is to be installed in the mainmemory (block 410). For example, electronic device 220 (e.g., usingprocessor 320, communication interface 360, and/or the like), mayreceive the firmware code update from master device 210. In someimplementations, electronic device 220 receives the firmware code updatebased on being powered on, based on master device 210 sending thefirmware code update, based on firmware of electronic device 220 beingoutdated, and/or the like.

According to some implementations, the firmware code update may includea new target image for a firmware of electronic device 220. The firmwarecode update may be transmitted, via the wireless transmission, within aseries of packets. As such, in order for the firmware code update to besuccessfully received, all packets of the firmware code are to bereceived and successfully installed (e.g., in main memory 340). In someimplementations, electronic device 220 may receive only a portion of thefirmware code update (e.g., resulting in the firmware code update notbeing successfully received). For example, due to packet loss within thewireless transmission, only a portion of the packets of the firmwarecode update may be received.

In some implementations, the wireless transmission may be a radiofrequency (RF) transmission from master device 210. For example, thewireless transmission may be a broadcast of a signal from master device210 to update electronic device 220 and/or control electronic device220.

In this way, electronic device 220 may receive the firmware to permitelectronic device 220 to attempt to install the firmware code update inmain memory 340.

As further shown in FIG. 4, process 400 may include determining that thefirmware code update is not successfully received (block 420). Forexample, electronic device 220 (e.g., using processor 320) may determinethat the firmware code update is not successfully received.

In some implementations, electronic device 220 may determine thefirmware code update is not successfully received based on detecting afailure associated with the firmware code update, based on detecting afailure associated with the wireless transmission (e.g., packet loss,interference, and/or the like), based on detecting a failure associatedwith installing the firmware code update in main memory 340, and/or thelike. For example, electronic device 220 may determine that the firmwarecode update was not successfully received based on one or more of thefirmware code update being corrupt, based on the firmware code updatefailing an integrity check (e.g., a cyclic redundancy check (CRC)),based on the firmware code update failing an authentication check,and/or the like.

In some implementations, after determining the firmware code update wasnot successfully received, electronic device 220 may request that masterdevice 210 resend the firmware code update (or at least a portion of thefirmware code update (e.g., a portion of the firmware code update thatwas not successfully received)). Additionally, or alternatively,electronic device 220 may accept an update request from master device210 to retransmit the firmware code update via a successive wirelesstransmission. In some implementations, prior to requesting aretransmission or accepting an update request, electronic device 220 maydetermine an amount of power remaining in battery 370. In such cases, ifelectronic device 220 determines that the amount of power satisfies athreshold, electronic device 220 may request or accept an update requestfor a successive transmission of the firmware code update. On the otherhand, if the amount of power does not satisfy a threshold amount ofpower, electronic device 220 may not request a retransmission and/or maynot accept the update request from master device 210.

Additionally, or alternatively, electronic device 220 may determine howmany times the firmware code update has been transmitted to electronicdevice 220. In some implementations, if the number of wirelesstransmissions of the firmware code satisfies a threshold number ofwireless transmissions (e.g., if the last wireless transmission of thethreshold number of transmissions has been received), then electronicdevice 220 may not request or accept an update request from masterdevice 210. On the other hand, if the number of transmissions does notsatisfy the threshold, electronic device 220 may request or accept arequest update to retransmit the firmware code update. As such,electronic device 220 may conserve power resources associated withreceiving further transmissions of the firmware code update.

In some implementations, when electronic device 220 (e.g., via processor320) determines that the firmware code update is not successfullyreceived (e.g., after the wireless transmission, after a plurality ofattempted retransmissions, and/or the like), electronic device 220 maydetermine that firmware code for operating electronic device 220 hasfailed. For example, upon receipt of a request to update the firmwarecode, the wireless transmission, or a first packet of the firmware codeupdate, electronic device 220 may erase an old firmware code from mainmemory 340. As such, when the firmware code update is not successfullyreceived, firmware code for operating electronic device 220 may beincomplete or non-existent due to the failure occurring while attemptingto install the firmware code update. Therefore, when the firmware codeis not successfully received, electronic device 220 may be renderedinoperable. In some instances, when inoperable, electronic device 220may not be able to communicate with other devices (e.g., master device210).

In this way, electronic device 220 may determine that the firmware codeupdate was not successfully received to permit electronic device 220 toidentify a backup firmware image to restore functionality to electronicdevice 220.

As further shown in FIG. 4, process 400 may include determining, basedon determining that the firmware code update is not successfullyreceived, that the secondary memory includes a backup firmware image,wherein the backup firmware image includes a set of functionalities forthe electronic device (block 430). For example, electronic device 220(e.g., using processor 320) may determine that secondary memory 350includes a backup firmware image.

In some implementations, electronic device 220 may determine secondarymemory 350 includes the backup firmware image based on determining thefirmware code update was not successfully received, based on determiningthe firmware code update was not successfully received after a thresholdnumber of retransmissions of the firmware code update, based on thebackup firmware image being installed in secondary memory 350 (e.g.,during configuration of electronic device 220), based on determining anamount of power to request or accept an update request forretransmission of the firmware code update does not satisfy a thresholdamount of power, and/or the like.

In this way, electronic device 220 may determine the backup firmwareimage is in secondary memory 350 to permit electronic device 220 toinstall the backup firmware image in main memory 340 and restorefunctionality to electronic device 220.

As further shown in FIG. 4, process 400 may include installing thebackup firmware image, from the secondary memory, in the main memory toprovide functionality to the electronic device (block 440). For example,electronic device 220 (e.g., using processor 320, working memory 330,and/or the like) may install the backup firmware image in main memory340 to restore functionality to electronic device 220. In someimplementations, electronic device 220 may install the backup firmwareimage in main memory 340 based on determining that secondary memory 350includes the backup firmware image, based on battery 370 not having athreshold amount of power, based on the firmware code update not beingsuccessfully received after a threshold number of transmissions of thefirmware code update, and/or the like.

In some implementations, before installing the backup firmware image,electronic device 220 may erase main memory 340 (e.g., to erase anyportions of the firmware code update that were installed or written tomain memory 340). According to some implementations, electronic device220 may install the backup firmware image in main memory 340 fromsecondary memory 350 by copying the backup firmware image into workingmemory 330 and writing the backup firmware image from working memory 330into main memory 340.

In some implementations, using functionality of the backup firmwareimage, electronic device 220 may transmit a beacon to master device 210to indicate that electronic device 220 has been recovered from a failureassociated with the firmware code update. In some implementations, afterbeing detected by master device 210 following installation of the backupfirmware image, electronic device 220 may receive the firmware codeupdate via one or more subsequent wireless transmissions from masterdevice 210.

In this way, electronic device 220 may install the backup firmware imagein main memory 340 to provide and/or restore functionality to electronicdevice 220.

Although FIG. 4 shows example blocks of process 400, in someimplementations, process 400 may include additional blocks, fewerblocks, different blocks, or differently arranged blocks than thosedepicted in FIG. 4. Additionally, or alternatively, two or more of theblocks of process 400 may be performed in parallel.

FIG. 5 is a diagram of an example system 500 that may include one ormore devices associated with process 400 shown in FIG. 4. Example system500 of FIG. 5 may include a tire pressure sensor monitoring system(TPMS). Example system 500 includes a master device 510 and one or moresensor devices 520 to monitor the tire pressure of tires of a vehicle.The master device 510 may monitor the tire pressure of the tires usingthe sensor devices 520.

The example sensor devices 520 of example system 500 may be implementedby electronic device 220 of FIG. 2 according to examples describedherein. Accordingly, sensor elements in sensor device may sense thepressure in the tires and provide information associated with thepressure in the tires to master device 510, which may be implemented bymaster device 210 of FIG. 2. As such, when master device 510 is toupdate firmware of sensor device 520, master device 510 may send afirmware code update to one or more of the sensor device 520. In suchcases, if one or more of the sensor devices 520 encounters a failurewhile receiving the firmware code update and/or is rendered inoperable,sensor devices 520 may recover from the failure using a backup firmwareimage stored in a secondary memory, as described herein.

As such, power resources, costs, hardware resources, and/or processingresources associated with replacing the sensor devices 520 of theexample system 500 may be conserved according to implementationsdescribed herein.

As indicated above, FIG. 5 is provided merely as an example. Otherexamples are possible and may differ from what was described with regardto FIG. 5.

Some implementations described herein prevent power from being drainedfrom a battery of an electronic device (e.g., a low-power electronicdevice) due to repeated transmissions of a firmware code update to theelectronic device. As such, the power resources of a low-powerelectronic device can be conserved to extend the life span of thelow-power electronic device by using a backup firmware image stored in asecondary memory of the electronic device. Therefore, costs, hardwareresources, and/or processing resources associated with replacing theelectronic device can also be conserved.

The foregoing disclosure provides illustration and description, but isnot intended to be exhaustive or to limit the implementations to theprecise form disclosed. Modifications and variations are possible inlight of the above disclosure or may be acquired from practice of theimplementations.

As used herein, the term component is intended to be broadly construedas hardware, firmware, or a combination of hardware and software.

Some implementations are described herein in connection with thresholds.As used herein, satisfying a threshold may refer to a value beinggreater than the threshold, more than the threshold, higher than thethreshold, greater than or equal to the threshold, less than thethreshold, fewer than the threshold, lower than the threshold, less thanor equal to the threshold, equal to the threshold, or the like.

It will be apparent that systems and/or methods, described herein, maybe implemented in different forms of hardware, firmware, or acombination of hardware and software. The actual specialized controlhardware or software code used to implement these systems and/or methodsis not limiting of the implementations. Thus, the operation and behaviorof the systems and/or methods were described herein without reference tospecific software code—it being understood that software and hardwarecan be designed to implement the systems and/or methods based on thedescription herein.

Even though particular combinations of features are recited in theclaims and/or disclosed in the specification, these combinations are notintended to limit the disclosure of possible implementations. In fact,many of these features may be combined in ways not specifically recitedin the claims and/or disclosed in the specification. Although eachdependent claim listed below may directly depend on only one claim, thedisclosure of possible implementations includes each dependent claim incombination with every other claim in the claim set.

No element, act, or instruction used herein should be construed ascritical or essential unless explicitly described as such. Also, as usedherein, the articles “a” and “an” are intended to include one or moreitems, and may be used interchangeably with “one or more.” Furthermore,as used herein, the term “set” is intended to include one or more items(e.g., related items, unrelated items, a combination of related andunrelated items, etc.), and may be used interchangeably with “one ormore.” Where only one item is intended, the term “one” or similarlanguage is used. Also, as used herein, the terms “has,” “have,”“having,” or the like are intended to be open-ended terms. Further, thephrase “based on” is intended to mean “based, at least in part, on”unless explicitly stated otherwise.

What is claimed is:
 1. An electronic device, the electronic devicecomprising: a main memory; a secondary memory; one or more processors,communicatively coupled to the main memory and the secondary memory,configured to: receive, via a wireless transmission, a firmware codeupdate that is to be installed in the main memory, determine that thefirmware code update is not successfully received, determine, based ondetermining that the firmware code update is not successfully received,an amount of power remaining in a battery, send a request to retransmitthe firmware code update based on determining that the amount of powerremaining in the battery satisfies a threshold, determine, based onsending the request and determining that the firmware code update is notsuccessfully received, and based on determining that the amount of powerremaining in the battery does not satisfy the threshold, that thesecondary memory includes a backup firmware, wherein the backup firmwareincludes a set of functionalities for the electronic device, and installthe backup firmware, from the secondary memory, in the main memory toprovide functionality to the electronic device; and the battery tosupply power to the main memory, the secondary memory, and the one ormore processors.
 2. The electronic device of claim 1, wherein the one ormore processors, when determining that the firmware code update is notsuccessfully received, are configured to: determine that the firmwarecode update is not successfully received based on at least one of: afailure associated with the wireless transmission; the firmware codeupdate being corrupt; the firmware code update failing an integritycheck; or the firmware code update failing an authentication check. 3.The electronic device of claim 1, wherein the wireless transmission,received from a master device associated with the electronic device, isa first wireless transmission; and wherein the one or more processorsare further configured to: accept an update request from the masterdevice to retransmit, via a second wireless transmission, the firmwarecode update when the amount of power satisfies the threshold; anddetermine the backup firmware is to be installed in the main memory whenthe firmware code update is not successfully received via the secondwireless transmission.
 4. The electronic device of claim 1, wherein theone or more processors are further configured to: erase the firmwarecode update stored in the main memory before installing the backupfirmware.
 5. The electronic device of claim 1, wherein the one or moreprocessors, when installing the backup firmware, are configured to: copythe backup firmware from the secondary memory; and write the backupfirmware to the main memory.
 6. The electronic device of claim 1,wherein the electronic device further comprises one or more sensorelements.
 7. The electronic device of claim 1, wherein the battery isnot rechargeable.
 8. The electronic device of claim 1, wherein thesecondary memory stores only the backup firmware or only data associatedwith the backup firmware.
 9. The electronic device of claim 1, whereinthe backup firmware comprises: a program that, when executed by the oneor more of the processors, is capable of communicating with anotherdevice associated with the electronic device.
 10. A tire pressuremonitoring system, comprising: a sensor device to measure a tirepressure status of a tire, wherein the sensor device includes areprogrammable memory and a non-programmable memory, and wherein thesensor device is configured to: receive a firmware code update that isto be installed in the reprogrammable memory, determine that thefirmware code update is not successfully received, determine, based ondetermining that the firmware code update is not successfully received,an amount of power remaining in a battery of the sensor device, send arequest to retransmit the firmware code update based on determining thatthe amount of power remaining in the battery satisfies a threshold,determine, based on sending the request and determining that thefirmware code update is not successfully received, and based ondetermining that the amount of power remaining in the battery does notsatisfy the threshold, that the non-programmable memory includes abackup firmware, wherein the backup firmware includes a set offunctionalities for the sensor device, and install the backup firmware,from the non-programmable memory, in the reprogrammable memory toprovide functionality to the sensor device.
 11. The tire pressuremonitoring system of claim 10, wherein, when the firmware code update isnot successfully received, one or more functions of the sensor deviceare rendered inoperable.
 12. The tire pressure monitoring system ofclaim 10, wherein the sensor device is to receive the firmware codeupdate via a wireless transmission.
 13. The tire pressure monitoringsystem of claim 10, wherein the sensor device is further to: execute aprogram of the backup firmware to communicate with another deviceassociated with the tire pressure monitoring system.
 14. A method,comprising: receiving, by an electronic device via a wirelesstransmission, a firmware code update that is to be installed in a mainmemory of the electronic device, determining, by the electronic device,that the firmware code update is not successfully received, wherein,when the firmware code update is not successfully received, one or morefunctions of the electronic device are rendered inoperable; determining,by the electronic device and based on determining that the firmware codeupdate is not successfully received, an amount of power remaining in abattery of the electronic device; sending, by the electronic device andbased on determining that the amount of power remaining in the batterysatisfies a threshold, a request to retransmit the firmware code update,determining, by the electronic device, based on sending the request anddetermining that the firmware code update is not successfully received,and based on determining that the amount of power remaining in thebattery does not satisfy the threshold, that a secondary memory, of theelectronic device, includes a backup firmware, wherein the backupfirmware includes a set of functionalities for the electronic device;and installing, by the electronic device, the backup firmware, from thesecondary memory, in the main memory to provide the set offunctionalities to the electronic device.
 15. The method of claim 14,further comprising: executing a program of the backup firmware to causethe electronic device to transmit a wireless signal.
 16. The method ofclaim 14, further comprising: determining that the wireless transmissioncorresponds to a last wireless transmission of a threshold number ofwireless transmissions of the firmware code update; and installing thebackup firmware in the main memory based on the wireless transmissioncorresponding to the last wireless transmission.
 17. The method of claim14, wherein the main memory comprises a reprogrammable memory and thesecondary memory comprises a non-programmable memory implemented by adifferent type of memory.
 18. The electronic device of claim 1, wherethe one or more processors, when sending the request, are configured to:send a request to retransmit a portion of the firmware code update thatwas not successfully received.
 19. The tire pressure monitoring systemof claim 10, where the threshold is a first threshold; and where thesensor device is further configured to: determine a quantity of timesthat the firmware code update has not been successfully received; andstop, based on determining that the quantity of times satisfies a secondthreshold, requesting to retransmit the firmware code update.
 20. Themethod of claim 14, further comprising: sending, based on sending therequest and determining that the firmware code update is notsuccessfully received, and based on determining that the amount of powerremaining in the battery satisfies the threshold, another request toretransmit the firmware code update.